Chapter 11: Developing communities

References

Developing community 1-4

1. Cottam, Hilary. Welfare 5.0: Why We Need a Social Revolution and How to Make It Happen.
UCL Institute for Innovation and Public Purpose; 2020.

2. Milton B, Attree P, French B, Povall S, Whitehead M, Popay J. The impact of community engagement on health and social outcomes: a systematic review.
Community Dev J. 2012;47(3):316-334. doi:10.1093/cdj/bsr043

3. Costello A, Abbas M, Allen A, et al. Managing the health effects of climate change.
The Lancet. 2009;373(9676):1693-1733. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60935-1

4. Beveridge W. Beveridge report on voluntary action.
Mon Labor Rev. 1949;68(4).

William Beveridge identified five 'giants': Want, Disease, Ignorance, Squalor and Idleness. His proposals were implemented by Labour after winning in 1945 which led to the welfare state. The Voluntary Action report of 1948 is a later report discussing the role of volunteers. 
"Social security should be a partnership between the individual and the state, which neither stifles personal responsibility nor discourages voluntary action."

Promoting community 5-6

5. McKnight, John. The Careless Society: Community and Its Counterfeits.
BasicBooks; 1995. ISBN 9780465091263

6. Wood, Michael, Bosch, Ilse. From Safety Net to Springboard: Putting Health at the Heart of Economic Growth.
NHS Confederation; 2022.

The health status of a locality strongly influences the economic activity, by reducing worker sickness. As a large employer, the NHS can be a significant contributor to the local economy. Every £1 invested in the NHS gives a return of £4 in gross value added terms, aside from the other benefits of good access to healthcare. 

Community models 7-15

7. Cottam H. Radical Help: How We Can Remake the Relationships between Us and Revolutionise the Welfare State.
Virago; 2018. ISBN 9780349009094
https://www.hilarycottam.com/radical-help/

8. Gregory, Dan. Levelling the Land: Social Investment and “left behind” Places.
Local Trust; 2021.

9. LowImpact.org. Sustainable living info, courses, products & services.

10. Kythreotis AP, Mantyka-Pringle C, Mercer TG, et al. Citizen social science for more integrative and effective climate action: a science-policy perspective.
Front Environ Sci. 2019;7:10. doi:10.3389/fenvs.2019.00010

11. Ison RL, Straw E. The Hidden Power of Systems Thinking: Governance in a Climate Emergency.
Routledge; 2020. ISBN 9781138493988

12. Coxon, Kate, Smith, Teresa. Good Neighbour Schemes in England: Community Support “in between” the Statutory and Voluntary Sectors.
Oxford Social Research Ltd; 2011.

13. Abel J, Kellehear A, Karapliagou A. Palliative care—the new essentials.
Ann Palliat Med. 2018;7(S2):S3-S14. doi:10.21037/apm.2018.03.04

14. Abel J, Kingston H, Scally A, et al. Reducing emergency hospital admissions: a population health complex intervention of an enhanced model of primary care and compassionate communities.
Br J Gen Pract. 2018;68(676):e803-e810. doi:10.3399/bjgp18X699437

This study of community development in the town of Frome, Somerset found a decrease of 14% in unplanned hospital admissions (32 fewer per year), while elsewhere admissions rose by 28.5%. Health Connections Mendip 

15. Forrester V. My PCN: how healthier Fleetwood neighbourhood blazed a trail.
Healthcare Leader. Published April 28, 2020.

ABCD 16-19

16. Russell C. Rekindling Democracy: A Professional’s Guide to Working in Citizen Space.
Cascade Books; 2020. ISBN 9781725253636

17. Blickem C, Dawson S, Kirk S, et al. What is asset-based community development and how might it improve the health of people with long-term conditions? A realist synthesis.
SAGE Open. 2018;8(3):215824401878722. doi:10.1177/2158244018787223

18. McKnight, John, Russell, Cormac. The four essential elements of an asset-based community development process: what is distinctive about an asset-based community development process? Published online September 2018.

19. Russell C, McKnight J. The Connected Community: Discovering the Health, Wealth, and Power of Neighborhoods.
Berrett-Koehler Publishers Inc; 2022. ISBN 9781523002528

Asset mapping 20-21

20. Abel, Julian. Survival of the Kindest Podcast: Angela Fell, the function of a neighbourhood.

This whole series is a rich seam of community wisdom, mking it hard to chose one particular one, but in this one Angela describes needs assessments as 'maps of misery' and mapping assets as 'treasure mapping'.  

Creating Community Health is covered in episode 100.  

21. Kretzmann, John, McKnight, John. Building Communities from the inside out: A Path towards Finding and Mobilizing a Community’s Assets.
abcd Institute; 1993. ISBN 9780879461089

The 'green book' of community development.

Representation 22-23

22. Stewart E. Fugitive coproduction: conceptualising informal community practices in Scotland’s hospitals.
Soc Policy Adm. 2021;55(7):1310-1324. doi:10.1111/spol.12727

23. Macfadyen, Peter. Flatpack Democracy 2.0.
eco-logic books; 2020. ISBN 9781899233229

Again from Frome, this book discusses how a group of independents revitalised an antiquated local council structure. 

Participation 24

24. Cornwall A. Unpacking “participation”: models, meanings and practices.
Community Dev J. 2008;43(3):269-283. doi:10.1093/cdj/bsn010

Leadership 25-26

25. Kahn, Si. Organizing, a Guide for Grassroots Leaders.
NASW Press; 1992. ISBN 9780871011978

26. Al-Azri NH. Antifragility amid the covid-19 crisis: making healthcare systems thrive through generic organisational skills.
Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J SQUMJ. 2020;20(3):241. doi:10.18295/squmj.2020.20.03.001

Ross-on-Wye 27

27. Ross CDT. CLOVER: Creative, Leisure, Outdoor & Volunteering Opportunities in the Ross-on-Wye area.
https://clover-hr9.org.uk/

 Tips and checklist 28-36

28. Diers, Jim. Neighbor Power.
University of Washington Press; 2004. ISBN 9780295984445

29. see note 18

30. Alinsky SD. Rules for Radicals: A Practical Primer for Realistic Radicals.
Vintage Books; 1989. ISBN 9780394443416

31. see note 25

32. Agdal, Rita, Midtgård, Helen, Russell, Cormac. Asset-Based Community Development - How to Get Started.
Western Norway University of Applied Sciences; 2019.

Community empowerment checklist

• Community participation

• Assessment of issues

• Leadership

• Structures

• Mobilising resources

• Links with others

• Critical awareness, asking ‘why?’

• Community control

• Equitable relationships with outside agencies

33. Cottam, Hilary. Blog: Radical health. Published June 22, 2022.

34. see note 28

35. Wilcox D. The guide to effective participation.
Partnership Books. 1994.

36. Laverack G. Public Health: Power, Empowerment and Professional Practice.

Palgrave; 2005. ISBN 9781137546036